Peptide LibraryEcnoglutide
Ecnoglutide is an investigational GLP-1 receptor agonist. Ecnoglutide is a modified GLP-1 analog engineered for cAMP-biased signalling at the GLP-1 receptor, with fatty acid acylation supporting albumin binding and once-weekly dosing. The intended consequence of biased agonism is to preserve the metabolic effects mediated by cyclic AMP while reducing beta-arrestin-mediated receptor internalisation.
For research use only.
Key Facts
- CAS
- 2459531-73-6
- Molecular Weight (MW)
- 4285 g/mol
- Half-life
- —
- FDA status
- Investigational New Drug (IND)
- Evidence level
- Clinical Trial Evidence
- Human dose established
- Yes
- Administration Route
- Subcutaneous
- Frequency
- Once weekly
- Last updated
- Nov 7, 2026
- Reviewed
- Nov 7, 2026
Research summary
Investigational long-acting GLP-1 receptor agonist in clinical development for obesity and type 2 diabetes, studied primarily in China. Not FDA-approved.
Research evidence
- Regulatory review (FDA label)None in reviewed sources
- Controlled human trials4 reviewed sources
- Early or uncontrolled human studiesNone in reviewed sources
- Lab & animal studiesNone in reviewed sources
How it works
Each step shows whether the sources Peptide Library has reviewed include that kind of research. Counts are reviewed sources, not every study ever published. Reviews and programme summaries that describe human use are shown as "reported", not as trials, and registered trials without published results are listed but not counted. A higher step means research has progressed further; it does not mean a compound works better or is safer. Compounds whose evidence has not been reviewed yet show "Not reviewed" instead of a guess.
Peptide Library's Ecnoglutide profile summarises 5 cited studies listed in the Science section, the compound's regulatory status, and research-protocol parameters reported for it. It is a research reference, not medical advice.
Ecnoglutide dosage evidence
Ecnoglutide has no FDA-approved dosage. Human dosing comes from phase 2 and phase 3 trials in China of once-weekly injections under the skin: 1.2, 1.8 or 2.4 mg for 40 weeks in adults with overweight or obesity, with mean weight changes of -9.1%, -10.9% and -13.2% against +0.1% with placebo, and 0.4–1.2 mg in adults with type 2 diabetes.
| Human dosing established | Yes |
|---|---|
| Studied dose range | 0.4–2.4 mg once weekly in trials (1.2–2.4 mg for weight, 0.4–1.2 mg for type 2 diabetes) |
| Route | Subcutaneous |
| Frequency | Once weekly |
| Duration studied | 20–52 weeks in the published trials |
| Evidence level | Clinical Trial Evidence |
| Last reviewed | 2026-11-07 |
Research-reported dosing
Doses as studied, one row per regimen. Different trials used different regimens; they are listed separately rather than averaged.
| Study / context | Population | Dose | Route | Frequency | Duration | Outcome studied | Source |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| SLIMMER — phase 3, overweight or obesity (NCT05813795)Clinical trial · Randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled phase 3 trial | Chinese adults with overweight or obesity without diabetes (n=664) | 1.2, 1.8 or 2.4 mg | Subcutaneous | Once weekly | 40 weeks | Mean body-weight change at week 40: -9.1% (1.2 mg), -10.9% (1.8 mg), -13.2% (2.4 mg), +0.1% (placebo) | Efficacy and safety of a biased GLP-1 receptor agonist ecnoglutide in adults with overweight or obesity: a multicentre, randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled, phase 3 trial. Lancet Diabetes Endocrinol. 2025. |
| EECOH-1 — phase 3 monotherapy, type 2 diabetes (NCT05680155)Clinical trial · Randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled phase 3 trial | Chinese adults with type 2 diabetes on diet and exercise or one oral drug (n=211) | 0.6 mg or 1.2 mg | Not stated in the indexed abstract | Once weekly | 24 weeks | HbA1c change at week 24: -1.96% (0.6 mg), -2.43% (1.2 mg), -0.87% (placebo) | Efficacy and safety of cAMP signalling-biased GLP-1 analogue ecnoglutide monotherapy versus placebo in patients with type 2 diabetes (EECOH-1). Nat Commun. 2026. |
| EECOH-2 — phase 3 versus dulaglutide, type 2 diabetes on metforminClinical trial · Open-label, randomized, active-controlled phase 3 trial | Chinese adults with type 2 diabetes on metformin (621 analysed) | 0.6 mg or 1.2 mg (compared with dulaglutide 1.5 mg) | Subcutaneous | Once weekly | 52 weeks (primary endpoint at week 32) | HbA1c fell 1.91% (0.6 mg) and 1.89% (1.2 mg) against 1.65% with dulaglutide at week 32; both doses were non-inferior | Efficacy and safety of cAMP-biased GLP-1 receptor agonist ecnoglutide versus dulaglutide in patients with type 2 diabetes and elevated glucose concentrations on metformin monotherapy (EECOH-2). Lancet Diabetes Endocrinol. 2025. |
| Phase 2, type 2 diabetes (CTR20211014)Clinical trial · Randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled phase 2 trial | Adults with type 2 diabetes (n=145) | 0.4, 0.8 or 1.2 mg | Injection (route not further stated in the indexed abstract) | Once weekly | 20 weeks | HbA1c change: -1.81%, -1.90% and -2.39% against -0.55% with placebo | Efficacy and safety of GLP-1 analog ecnoglutide in adults with type 2 diabetes: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled phase 2 trial. Nat Commun. 2024. |
Where sources disagree
- The published phase 3 trials enrolled Chinese adults only. Ecnoglutide is not FDA-approved, and these trial doses are not an approved dosage in the United States.
- Doses for weight management (up to 2.4 mg) were higher than those tested for type 2 diabetes (up to 1.2 mg). Its milligram doses are trial arms and are not interchangeable with semaglutide or other weekly GLP-1 drugs.
Sequence & molecular data
| Molecular formula | C194H304N48O61 |
|---|---|
| Molecular weight | 4285 g/mol |
| CAS number | 2459531-73-6 |
| PubChem CID | 162625103 |
| FDA UNII | KM6YM7L8LH |
Identifiers link to the public PubChem, FDA Substance Registration (UNII), ChEMBL and DrugBank records for the same entity.
Science
Mechanism of Action
Ecnoglutide is a modified GLP-1 analog engineered for cAMP-biased signalling at the GLP-1 receptor, with fatty acid acylation supporting albumin binding and once-weekly dosing. The intended consequence of biased agonism is to preserve the metabolic effects mediated by cyclic AMP while reducing beta-arrestin-mediated receptor internalisation.
Studies
- Comparative Efficacy and Safety of Ecnoglutide in Type 2 Diabetes: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
- Efficacy and safety of cAMP signalling-biased GLP-1 analogue ecnoglutide monotherapy versus placebo in patients with type 2 diabetes (EECOH-1): a multi-centre, randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled, phase 3 trial
- Efficacy and safety of a biased GLP-1 receptor agonist ecnoglutide in adults with overweight or obesity: a multicentre, randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled, phase 3 trial
- Efficacy and safety of cAMP-biased GLP-1 receptor agonist ecnoglutide versus dulaglutide in patients with type 2 diabetes and elevated glucose concentrations on metformin monotherapy (EECOH-2): a 52-week, multicentre, open-label, non-inferiority, randomised, phase 3 trial
- Efficacy and safety of GLP-1 analog ecnoglutide in adults with type 2 diabetes: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled phase 2 trial
Research statistics
15 PubMed publications · 46.7% human clinical research · 16 registered trials
Counts of published research through 2026-11-01, not evidence that it works. Publications by year, study types and trials · How publications are counted
Regulatory & research status
Ecnoglutide has been studied under an Investigational New Drug application. It is not approved for marketing.
| FDA status | Investigational New Drug (IND) |
|---|---|
| Research status | Investigational; clinical development reported |
| Availability | Research-Only |
| WADA (sport) | Unknown / Not Listed |
| Library classification | Clinical Trial |
How FDA approval, compounding and research-only status differ
Benefits
—
Ecnoglutide side effects
No side effects listed yet for this entry.
Storage & stability
This compound is not supplied as a powder to be mixed, so the freeze-dried powder and reconstitution handling described for research peptides does not apply. Storage conditions are product-specific: follow the label or packaging of the product itself.
Ecnoglutide: frequently asked questions
What is Ecnoglutide?
Investigational long-acting GLP-1 receptor agonist in clinical development for obesity and type 2 diabetes, studied primarily in China. Not FDA-approved.
How does Ecnoglutide work?
Ecnoglutide is a modified GLP-1 analog engineered for cAMP-biased signalling at the GLP-1 receptor, with fatty acid acylation supporting albumin binding and once-weekly dosing. The intended consequence of biased agonism is to preserve the metabolic effects mediated by cyclic AMP while reducing beta-arrestin-mediated receptor internalisation.
Is Ecnoglutide FDA approved?
No. Ecnoglutide is investigational: it is in clinical development and has not been approved by the FDA for any indication. Investigational status means trials are ongoing or complete but regulatory review has not resulted in approval, and efficacy and safety are still being established.
What peptides are similar to Ecnoglutide?
Compounds most often compared with Ecnoglutide include Tirzepatide, VK2735, Efpeglenatide and Semaglutide. They are grouped by shared mechanism or research area rather than by equivalence, and their regulatory status and evidence base differ.
References
- Comparative Efficacy and Safety of Ecnoglutide in Type 2 Diabetes: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis — Endocrinol Diabetes Metab, 2026External reference
- Efficacy and safety of cAMP signalling-biased GLP-1 analogue ecnoglutide monotherapy versus placebo in patients with type 2 diabetes (EECOH-1): a multi-centre, randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled, phase 3 trial — Nat Commun, 2026External reference
- Efficacy and safety of a biased GLP-1 receptor agonist ecnoglutide in adults with overweight or obesity: a multicentre, randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled, phase 3 trial — Lancet Diabetes Endocrinol, 2025External reference
- Efficacy and safety of cAMP-biased GLP-1 receptor agonist ecnoglutide versus dulaglutide in patients with type 2 diabetes and elevated glucose concentrations on metformin monotherapy (EECOH-2): a 52-week, multicentre, open-label, non-inferiority, randomised, phase 3 trial — Lancet Diabetes Endocrinol, 2025External reference
- Efficacy and safety of GLP-1 analog ecnoglutide in adults with type 2 diabetes: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled phase 2 trial — Nat Commun, 2024External reference
Related research, comparisons & guides
Related peptides
Compiled by Peptide Library Editorial · Reviewed Aug 30, 2026 · Updated Nov 7, 2026 · Version 2
This Ecnoglutide profile is compiled from published literature (5 cited studies linked above), public regulatory records and chemical registries. It describes what research reports; it is not medical advice, and nothing here is a dosing recommendation for humans. Peptide Library does not sell peptides. Editorial policy · How profiles are compiled · Report an error
Track Ecnoglutide research, inventory and reconstitution in the free Peptide Library app. Get the app for iOS or Android →