Peptide LibraryPramlintide
Also known as: Symlin, AC137, Amylin analog
Pramlintide (also called Symlin or AC137) is an FDA-approved amylin analog. Pramlintide is a synthetic analog of human amylin in which three proline substitutions prevent the self-aggregation that makes native human amylin unsuitable as a drug. It binds amylin receptors — calcitonin receptor cores paired with receptor activity-modifying proteins — in the area postrema.
For research use only.
Key Facts
- CAS
- 151126-32-8
- Molecular Weight (MW)
- 3949.4 g/mol
- Half-life
- ~48 minutes
- FDA status
- Approved
- Evidence level
- FDA Approved
- Human dose established
- Yes
- Administration Route
- Subcutaneous
- Frequency
- Immediately before each major meal
- Last updated
- Nov 7, 2026
- Reviewed
- Nov 7, 2026
- Targets
- Amylin receptor
Research summary
FDA-approved amylin analog (Symlin) used with mealtime insulin in type 1 and type 2 diabetes. Hypoglycemia risk requires insulin dose reduction.
Research evidence
- Regulatory review (FDA label)2 reviewed sources
- Controlled human trialsNone in reviewed sources
- Early or uncontrolled human studiesNone in reviewed sources
- Lab & animal studiesNone in reviewed sources
How it works
Each step shows whether the sources Peptide Library has reviewed include that kind of research. Counts are reviewed sources, not every study ever published. Reviews and programme summaries that describe human use are shown as "reported", not as trials, and registered trials without published results are listed but not counted. A higher step means research has progressed further; it does not mean a compound works better or is safer. Compounds whose evidence has not been reviewed yet show "Not reviewed" instead of a guess.
Peptide Library's Pramlintide profile summarises 5 cited studies listed in the Science section, the compound's regulatory status, and research-protocol parameters reported for it. It is a research reference, not medical advice.
Pramlintide dosage evidence
Pramlintide has an FDA-approved human dosage as an add-on to mealtime insulin. SymlinPen in type 2 diabetes starts at 60 mcg under the skin just before each major meal and goes to 120 mcg; in type 1 diabetes it starts at 15 mcg and goes up in 15 mcg steps to 30, 45 or 60 mcg. Mealtime insulin is cut by 50% when it is started.
| Human dosing established | Yes |
|---|---|
| Studied dose range | 15–120 mcg before each major meal, depending on diabetes type |
| Route | Subcutaneous |
| Frequency | Immediately before each major meal |
| Duration studied | Continuous |
| Titration | Step up only after at least 3 days without clinically significant nausea. Type 2: 60 mcg, then 120 mcg. Type 1: 15 mcg, then 30, 45 or 60 mcg. |
| Evidence level | FDA Approved |
| Last reviewed | 2026-11-07 |
Research-reported dosing
Doses as studied, one row per regimen. Different trials used different regimens; they are listed separately rather than averaged.
| Study / context | Population | Dose | Route | Frequency | Duration | Outcome studied | Source |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| FDA label — SymlinPen, type 2 diabetesFDA-approved label · FDA prescribing information | Adults with type 2 diabetes using mealtime insulin who are not at glucose goal | Start 60 mcg; increase to 120 mcg; back to 60 mcg if nausea persists | Subcutaneous, abdomen or thigh | Immediately before each major meal | Continuous | Glycemic control alongside insulin | SYMLINPEN (pramlintide acetate) injection — FDA prescribing information, DailyMed |
| FDA label — SymlinPen, type 1 diabetesFDA-approved label · FDA prescribing information | Adults with type 1 diabetes using mealtime insulin who are not at glucose goal | Start 15 mcg; increase in 15 mcg steps to 30, 45 or 60 mcg; back to 30 mcg if nausea persists | Subcutaneous, abdomen or thigh | Immediately before each major meal | Continuous | Glycemic control alongside insulin | SYMLINPEN (pramlintide acetate) injection — FDA prescribing information, DailyMed |
Where sources disagree
- The SymlinPen label carries a boxed warning: used with insulin, pramlintide raises the risk of severe hypoglycemia, especially in type 1 diabetes, within 3 hours of an injection. The label requires a 50% cut in mealtime insulin when pramlintide is started.
- Type 1 and type 2 doses differ about fourfold; a figure from one does not apply to the other.
Handling & administration
- Injection Sites
- AbdomenThigh
- Timing Notes
- Educational catalog only — not medical advice
Sequence & molecular data
| Molecular formula | C171H267N51O53S2 |
|---|---|
| Molecular weight | 3949.4 g/mol |
| CAS number | 151126-32-8 |
| Half-life | ~48 minutes |
| Appearance | Solution in pen/vial |
| Formulation | Solution |
| PubChem CID | 70691388 |
| FDA UNII | D3FM8FA78T |
| ChEMBL | CHEMBL2103758 |
Identifiers link to the public PubChem, FDA Substance Registration (UNII), ChEMBL and DrugBank records for the same entity.
Science
Mechanism of Action
Pramlintide is a synthetic analog of human amylin in which three proline substitutions prevent the self-aggregation that makes native human amylin unsuitable as a drug. It binds amylin receptors — calcitonin receptor cores paired with receptor activity-modifying proteins — in the area postrema. Three effects follow: gastric emptying slows, inappropriate post-prandial glucagon secretion is suppressed, and satiety signalling increases. Together these blunt the post-meal glucose rise through a route entirely separate from insulin. Because it does not itself lower glucose but amplifies insulin action, it is approved only as an adjunct to mealtime insulin, and insulin dose reduction is required when it is started.
Origin
Proline-substituted human amylin analog.
Targets
Studies
- Amylin analogs for the treatment of obesity without diabetes: present and future
- Eloralintide (LY3841136), a novel amylin receptor agonist for the treatment of obesity: From discovery to clinical proof of concept
- Clinical review: Drugs commonly associated with weight change: a systematic review and meta-analysis
- Pramlintide
- Pramlintide
Research statistics
365 PubMed publications · 28.1% human clinical research · 56 registered trials
Counts of published research through 2026-11-01, not evidence that it works. Publications by year, study types and trials · How publications are counted
Regulatory & research status
Pramlintide is an FDA-approved product for specific labelled indications. Approval does not extend to the research contexts described on this page, and approved products are prescription medicines.
| FDA status | Approved |
|---|---|
| Availability | Prescription-Only |
| WADA (sport) | Permitted |
| Library classification | FDA-Approved |
How FDA approval, compounding and research-only status differ
Benefits
Pramlintide side effects
The effects below are drawn from Pramlintide's prescribing information, which lists the full adverse-reaction data.
Side Effects
- Nausea
- Severe hypoglycemia with insulin
Storage & stability
This compound is not supplied as a powder to be mixed, so the freeze-dried powder and reconstitution handling described for research peptides does not apply. Storage conditions are product-specific: follow the label or packaging of the product itself.
Pramlintide: frequently asked questions
What is Pramlintide?
FDA-approved amylin analog (Symlin) used with mealtime insulin in type 1 and type 2 diabetes. Hypoglycemia risk requires insulin dose reduction.
How does Pramlintide work?
Pramlintide is a synthetic analog of human amylin in which three proline substitutions prevent the self-aggregation that makes native human amylin unsuitable as a drug. It binds amylin receptors — calcitonin receptor cores paired with receptor activity-modifying proteins — in the area postrema.
Is Pramlintide FDA approved?
Yes. Pramlintide is approved by the FDA, and approved products are prescription medicines. Approval is always for specific indications studied in clinical trials, so an approved status does not mean the compound is approved for every use it is discussed for. Research-chemical material sold under the same name is not the approved product.
What is the half-life of Pramlintide?
Reported half-life for Pramlintide is ~48 minutes. Half-life describes how long the compound persists in circulation, not how long any effect lasts, and published figures vary with route of administration, formulation and the population studied.
Is Pramlintide banned in sport?
Pramlintide is recorded here as permitted in sport. Anti-doping status is revised annually, so athletes subject to testing should confirm against the current WADA Prohibited List before use.
What peptides are similar to Pramlintide?
Compounds most often compared with Pramlintide include Cagrilintide, Petrelintide, CagriSema and Amycretin. They are grouped by shared mechanism or research area rather than by equivalence, and their regulatory status and evidence base differ.
References
- Symlin labelExternal reference
- Amylin analogs for the treatment of obesity without diabetes: present and future — Expert Rev Clin Pharmacol, 2024External reference
- Eloralintide (LY3841136), a novel amylin receptor agonist for the treatment of obesity: From discovery to clinical proof of concept — Mol Metab, 2025External reference
- Clinical review: Drugs commonly associated with weight change: a systematic review and meta-analysis — J Clin Endocrinol Metab, 2015External reference
- Pramlintide, 2012External reference
- Pramlintide, 2006External reference
Related research, comparisons & guides
Related peptides
Compiled by Peptide Library Editorial · Reviewed Aug 30, 2026 · Updated Nov 7, 2026 · Version 2
This Pramlintide profile is compiled from published literature (5 cited studies linked above), public regulatory records and chemical registries. It describes what research reports; it is not medical advice, and nothing here is a dosing recommendation for humans. Peptide Library does not sell peptides. Editorial policy · How profiles are compiled · Report an error
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